In blockchain networks, transaction fees determine not only whether a transfer is confirmed but also how quickly it is processed. Since each network adopts a different calculation model, understanding these rules is essential for making informed configuration choices.
EVM chains
EIP-1559 model
Some EVM chains support EIP-1559. Currently supported chains include:
- Ethereum Mainnet
- Sepolia Testnet
- Scroll Mainnet
- Base
- BNB Smart Chain
- Polygon
- Sonic
- Berachain
In the EIP-1559 model, the estimated transaction fee is calculated as: (base fee + priority fee) * gas limit
| Parameter | Description |
|---|
| Base fee | The maximum amount you are willing to pay per gas unit to execute the transaction on-chain. |
| Priority fee | The maximum additional fee per gas unit paid to miners/validators to prioritize your transaction. |
| Gas limit | The maximum number of gas units you are willing to spend to execute the transaction or run the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Different operations consume different amounts of gas units. |
For both Legacy and EIP-1559 fee models, an additional fee is charged when submitting transaction calldata to L1 (Layer 1).
- Max fee: The maximum total fee for the transaction.
- Max priority fee: The maximum additional fee per gas unit paid to miners/validators to prioritize your transaction.
- Gas limit
Legacy model
All EVM chains support the Legacy model.
In the Legacy model, the estimated transaction fee is calculated as: gas price * gas limit
| Parameter | Description |
|---|
| Gas price | The gas price in gwei, representing the amount of ETH paid to validators per gas unit to process the transaction. |
| Gas limit | The maximum number of gas units you are willing to spend to execute the transaction or run the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Different operations consume different amounts of gas units. |
For both Legacy and EIP-1559 fee models, an additional fee is charged when submitting transaction calldata to L1 (Layer 1).
UTXO-based chains
Currently supported chains include:
- Bitcoin
- Cardano
- Nervos CKB
- Handshake
On UTXO-based chains, the estimated transaction fee is calculated as: fee rate * transaction size
| Parameter | Description |
|---|
| Fee rate | The fee per byte of data, indicating how many satoshis are paid per vByte (abbreviated as sats/vByte). |
| Transaction size | The on-chain space occupied by the transaction, which affects the total fee in UTXO models. |
You can customize the following parameters:
Solana
On Solana, you can use the native model or choose the Legacy model. In the native model, the estimated transaction fee is calculated as: base fee + (CU price * CU limit)
| Parameter | Description |
|---|
| base fee | A fixed fee charged per signature (by default, 5,000 Lamports per signature). |
| CU price | The price per Compute Unit (CU), used to increase transaction priority. Denominated in Lamports. |
| CU limit | The maximum number of CUs the transaction is allowed to consume. A higher value increases priority but also increases cost. |
You can customize the following parameters:
Filecoin
On Filecoin, you can use the native model or choose the Legacy model. In the native model, the estimated transaction fee is calculated as: min(gas fee cap, base fee + gas premium) * gas limit
| Parameter | Description |
|---|
| Gas fee cap | The maximum price you are willing to pay per unit of gas. |
| Base fee | The minimum fee required for block inclusion, which adjusts dynamically with network congestion and is burned after payment, thereby reducing the total FIL supply. |
| Gas premium | A user-specified miner tip to increase transaction priority. |
| Gas limit | The maximum amount of gas the transaction is allowed to consume. |
You can customize the following parameters:
- Gas fee cap
- Gas premium
- Gas limit
Chains using the fixed model
The following chains adopt a fixed fee model:
- TRON
- Algorand
- Polkadot
- Internet Computer and its ICRC assets (ckBTC, ckETH, ckUSDC, ckUSDT, DKP, GLDGOV, ICS, NICP, OC, OGY)
- Stellar
- Ripple
- Tezos
- Sui
- Near
The fixed fee model charges a fixed fee for each transaction.
